Course Details

Business

Machine learning

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5/12/2025 5:41:33 PM

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Machine learning (ML) is a subset of artificial intelligence (AI) that enables computers to learn from data and improve their performance without explicit programming. Here's a detailed breakdown:

1. Core Concepts

 

  • Data & Features – ML models rely on structured and unstructured data, with features representing key variables.

  • Training & Testing Data – Training data helps the model learn, while testing data evaluates its accuracy.

  • Supervised Learning – Models learn from labeled data (e.g., classification and regression).

  • Unsupervised Learning – Models identify patterns in unlabeled data (e.g., clustering and dimensionality reduction).

  • Reinforcement Learning – Models learn through trial and error to maximize rewards.

2. Mathematical Foundations

 

  • Linear Algebra – Essential for matrix operations in ML algorithms.

  • Probability & Statistics – Helps in data analysis and model evaluation.

  • Optimization Techniques – Used for tuning model parameters.

3. ML Algorithms

 

  • Regression Models – Linear regression, logistic regression.

  • Decision Trees & Random Forests – Used for classification and prediction.

  • Neural Networks & Deep Learning – Advanced techniques for complex pattern recognition.

  • Support Vector Machines (SVM) – Used for classification tasks.

4. Model Evaluation & Optimization

 

  • Loss Functions – Measures model accuracy.

  • Hyperparameter Tuning – Optimizes model performance.

  • Cross-Validation – Ensures model generalization.

5. ML Applications

 

  • Recommendation Systems – Used in e-commerce and streaming platforms.

  • Fraud Detection – Identifies anomalies in financial transactions.

  • Predictive Analytics – Forecasts trends based on historical data.

 

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