Java is a versatile, object-oriented programming language widely used for web development, mobile applications, and enterprise software. Here's a detailed breakdown:
1. Java Basics
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Syntax & Structure: Variables, data types, operators.
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Control Flow: Conditional statements (if, switch) and loops (for, while).
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Functions & Methods: Defining and calling methods, method overloading.
2. Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)
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Classes & Objects: Encapsulation and data abstraction.
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Inheritance: Single, multiple, and hierarchical inheritance.
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Polymorphism: Method overriding and dynamic method dispatch.
3. Memory Management & Exception Handling
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Garbage Collection: Automatic memory management.
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Exception Handling: try, catch, finally blocks.
4. Java Collections & Data Structures
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Arrays & Lists: ArrayList, LinkedList.
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Maps & Sets: HashMap, TreeSet.
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Queues & Stacks: PriorityQueue, Stack.
5. Multithreading & Concurrency
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Thread Creation: Runnable interface, Thread class.
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Synchronization: Locks, semaphores, and concurrent utilities.
6. Java for Web Development
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Servlets & JSP: Server-side programming.
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Spring Framework: Dependency injection, MVC architecture.
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REST APIs: Building web services.
7. Advanced Java Features
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Lambda Expressions: Functional programming.
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Streams API: Data processing.
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Reflection & Annotations: Metadata handling.